Instalation

In advance, we recommend that you use a specialist construction company who can assess all the effects of the building and knows the laying of the terrazzo paving.

Laying the tiles into a concrete bed

The terrazzo tiles are placed in a mortar or concrete bed. Very low thickness tolerances allow this paving to be applied to cement putty. Concrete underneath the terrazzo flooring must be mature, cohesive and free from all dirt and grease. The terrazzo flooring can not be considered if the ambient temperature drops below 5 ° C. At ambient temperatures higher (above 25 ° C), measures must be taken to treat fresh concrete against rapid drying.

When laying larger areas, it is necessary to dilute the area in squares of approx. 6x6m2, taking into account the laying surface and building dilation of the building. When performing this dilatation, it is advisable to copy the dilatation or separating joints in the subsoil. Dilatation is performed by suitable dilatation strips, eg Duflex, Schlüter-System.

When installing the pavement, it is advisable to take the tiles simultaneously from several pallets at once to ensure uniformity in the colour and shade of the final surface. We recommend joints between tiles in 2-3mm width. In any case, we do not recommend laying terrazzo "one next to each other without jointing". In this way of laying comes to splitting of the tiles´ edges.
It is important to put the area properly with water on the next day so that the base layer of the concrete has enough water to properly cure the concrete bed.

Laying terrazzo tiles into glue

The very low tolerance of the tiles produced by us enables the tiles to be glued with cement adhesives on many constructions. Since it is a tile for heavy loads, it is necessary to use the adhesive on a cement basis.
For bonding terrazzo tiles to glue it is necessary to properly prepare the base surface - tolerance + -2mm / 2m. If the tolerances of the base plate are greater (unevenness in the area), and in the case of a higher layer of glue, the tiles can fall due to their weight and the final surface will have unevenness on the second day. Also, the contact cement adhesives in the higher layer do not have high compressive strengths. The preparation of the foundation slab for bonding terrazzo tiles is done according to the recommendation of the manufacturer of the contact cement glue (impregnation, penetration).

Instalation of tiles in the exteriors

Terrazzo tiles in the exterior can be placed in a concrete bed or on pedestals. For laying outdoors in a concrete bed, where the pavement is exposed to weathering, it is advisable to prepare a technical design for individual details (waterproofing, dilation, wall connection or gutter edge). This avoids later problems. All terrazzo tiles are frost-resistant and resistant to thawing salts. It is important to note that the paveled pavement is slippery after wetting or when it is snowing, causing a risk of injury to the user.
On terraces or inverted roofs, paving can be stored on expansion joints. The advantage is that the tiles will dry very quickly after moistening. For terraced flooring, terrazzo tiles ORNELA with relief or smooth or embossed concrete tiles are also very suitable.

Jointing the installed tiles

After the concrete bed has been tightened (3-4 days after laying), the joints between the tiles are filled with a glue or mortar in a 1: 1 ratio of fine sand and gray portland cement + water. The gap between the tiles is about 24-30mm high, so make sure that the grout mixture gets really cracked over the entire height of the joint. Only with this proper jointing will the tile fit properly in the area and the user will thus get a very strong and durable terrazzo surface against a high point and operational load. After filling the entire height of the joint, the surface of the terrazzo pavement is mechanically cleaned.

Cleaning, impregnation

Terrazzo tiles after hardening of the joints should be well washed and cleaned from the residues of the grout and cement. Good cleaning also removes any limestone efflorescence, which results from the natural maturing of the tiles and does not reduce the quality of the tiles.
Terrazzo tiles should be impregnated after this cleaning. Impregnating the pavement surface will fill the surface micropores of the pavement and thus prevent the formation of dirt in the tiles. At the same time, the impregnation will close the paving surface against the formation of efflorescences.
Such treated terrazzo floor is characterized by long-lasting clear tiling, but the main advantage for the user is the easy, regular maintenance of the floor. The impregnation is carried out after about 14 days from the tiling of the pavement, so as to leave as much moisture as possible from the concrete bed.
In our market there are now many means of impregnating terrazzo and natural stone. It is important that the impregnation is vapor-permeable so as to ensure the penetration of water vapor from the tile and the substrate.

Regular cleaning

Cleaning of impregnated paving is very simple. Regular cleaners are used on a neutral basis. Cleaning agents must have a pH of 7 or higher.
It is not recommended to use acid based formulations (SAVO etc.) for cleaning purposes, these alkaline surface cleaning agents react to the terrazzo tile and disturb the surface of the terrazzo pavement.

Notices for clients

• Avoid contact of the surface of the product with cement or other materials that may coloure a service.
• Terrazzo tiles can not be used in chemical facilities where acids are used. The acid reacts with the used aggregate and disturbs the surface of the paving.
• The used aggregate is a natural material, and as such it is variable in time. For this reason, the tile can exhibit minor colour variations in time, which can not be influenced by the manufacturer even under very strict monitoring of the production process. Therefore, it is recommended to lay the area from one production charge.
• Possible limestone efflorescence on the surface of the pavement results from the natural curing of the concrete. By a usual use it disappears. Efflorescence does not reduce the quality of the pavement and is therefore not a reason for complaint.
• Once the tiles have been laid, they receive moisture from the substrate and thus may create wet edges, which are reflected by the darkening of the edges of the individual tiles. This is due to the fact that the moisture from the concrete bed escapes through the joints between the tiles. After a certain amount of time, in relation to ambient temperature, these darker edges of the tile disappear.
• It is recommended to add the floor area of the terrazzo tiles to the border with the wall strips on the wall. The floor will get a more complex appearance and will not cause staining when cleaning the floor surface.
• When laying tiles both indoors and outdoors, it is necessary to follow the approved project documentation.

It is recommended to commission the laying of tiles to a professional instalation company that owns the necessary equipment and has experience in the field. By observing to the basic parameters and procedures, laying can be self-help by everyone.

Concrete paving BEATRIX is used for the construction of lawns without the possibility of traveling cars. They are primarily terraces and walkways in the surroundings of family houses, surrounding areas of swimming pools, gutters and rest areas in urban areas.

Base layer

The underlying layer is proposed according to the geological conditions of the site. The ground plane must be matched to the desired gradient of the resulting area and sufficiently compacted. If the ground plane is not properly prepared and compacted, further finishing of the final concrete surface during its use and the possibility of inequality may occur in the future.

The underlying layer is 100-150mm thick. As a material, crushed aggregate is used in the grain size range of 8-32mm, in common fractions of sold aggregate. Recycled concrete can also be used for the backing layer (but it must not contain bricks that expand with moisture).

The area on which concrete paving will be laid should be bordered by a curb as required. A cement-bonded CETRIS board of 20-22mm thickness and a height of approx. 25-30cm can also be used for the enclosure. The curb is leveled up so that the top edge of the curb is leveled with the final surface of the laid tiles. The curb is usually put in semi-dry concrete. This will ensure the stability of the final land area.

Layer for paving installation

Layer 2 to 5 or 4-8 mm is the most suitable for the laying layer. The laying layer must not contain dust particles that are washed off during transport of water. The laying layer is about 3-4cm high. The slope of floor should be min. 2% in transverse, and 0.5% in longitudinal direction. After aligning the laths to the required level they are no longer dying, and must not enter it.

The semi-dry concrete can also be used as the laying layer. When performing the laying layer - its height, it must be taken into account that the tile layer drops by about 5 mm when installing the tile and then laying it.

Instalation of concrete pavement

Laying begins at the lowest point of the surface and where we can easily check the right angle of the entire surface. Tiles are laid apart and a joint between tiles makes 4-5mm. Direction and flatness of individual rows are checked by cord or lath. Laying is done simultaneously from multiple pallets at the same time so that the final surface is uniform. The laid concrete tile is tapped with a white rubber bobbin to "sit" in the laying layer of the tile. Stabilization is not performed with a vibrating plate.

Jointing the installed tiles

The concrete pavement is laid with a 3-5 mm joint - depending on the size of the tile, for the drainage of water. The joint is filled with jointing or pure quartz sand, fraction 0-2mm. Sand should not contain clay. It is advisable to check and fill the joint fill rate with time, as the sand in the joint is disintegrated. Jointing is performed dry.

Instalation of concrete pavement on pedestals

This is a convenient way of laying balconies and inverted roofs. The thermal insulation and the top cover insulation layer are provided on the surface constructions. For the laying of concrete pavement, rubber or scales are used, depending on the substrate preparation either simple - with one height or adjustable. Prior to laying, it is necessary to arrange the procedure because the laying must be based on the highest point of the surface.

The propylen pedestals include protrusions that determine the width of the joint between the tiles. For the edge of the floor, the pedestal are adjusted (by trimming half or three-quarters of the target). When laying large paving (600x600mm), one pedestal must be placed in the center of the tile (cutting off the protrusions for joints dilatation) to stretch the weight into a larger area.

The joints between the tiles thus laid are not filled and serve for rapid drainage of the water from the ground. After the rain, the areas that are so laid dried out faster.
If the pedestals are laid on the waterproofing foil, it is necessary to place a fixed geotextile under the pedestal.

Important information

Concrete paving is made of pure natural materials, which can be naturally variable over time - minor differences in fractions, moisture and minor variations in the colour of input materials. Even with the use of modern production technology, there may be a slight difference in the colour shade and also the different absorbency of individual tiles. These causes may appear in tiny colour shades between tiles. Therefore, it is important to take by the instalation tiles simultaneously from several pallets so that the total area is colour uniform.

The eventual occurrence of so-called lime efflorescences is a natural manifestation of ripening of the concrete and during the use of the laying surface, when properly laid, it usually falls within a few months.

Used aggregates may contain fine grains of iron in some places, which may create local iron fossils on the surface, characterized by a classical minor rusting of the surface.

All these minor changes in the colour of the surface of the laid surface from the concrete tiles are not a defect of the product and due to their origin can not be a reason for claiming the product. They also have no negative effect on the declared properties of concrete paving and its surface.

Cleaning of laid floors

In concrete pavement, a basic impregnation is made at the factory, which serves to further reduce the surface absorption and also reduces the possibility of contamination. The laid-down concrete paving surface can be easily cleaned by sweeping. If necessary, the area can be washed with pressure water without any additives. If we use detergents, we only recommend those that have a pH of 7 or higher.
The use of acid-based detergents is avoided and their use is likely to change the surface layer of the concrete tile at the cleansing site, and irreversible change in the colour of the tile at the cleansing point.